What best describes the process involved in pneumonia?

Pneumonia is best described as an inflammation and infection of lung tissue. This condition occurs when the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs, become inflamed due to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi entering the lungs, resulting in an immune response. This inflammation can cause the alveoli to fill with fluid or pus, leading to symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Understanding that pneumonia primarily involves both infection and inflammation is crucial, as it highlights the underlying mechanisms of the disease and informs appropriate treatment strategies, such as antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia or supportive care for viral pneumonia. Additionally, recognizing pneumonia's inflammatory nature helps distinguish it from other respiratory conditions, such as those caused by obstruction or structural issues.