What does stenosis refer to in medical terminology?

Stenosis in medical terminology specifically refers to the narrowing of a body opening or passage. This condition can occur in various anatomical structures, such as blood vessels, the spine, or the gastrointestinal tract, and can lead to various health issues depending on the location and severity of the narrowing.

For instance, spinal stenosis occurs when the spaces within the spine narrow, potentially compressing the spinal cord and nerves, leading to pain and mobility issues. Similarly, in cases of vascular stenosis, the narrowing of blood vessels can restrict blood flow, causing potential cardiovascular problems.

The other options present different medical conditions: widening would refer to dilation; inflammation pertains to swelling and irritation of tissues; and complete blockage suggests a total obstruction, which is a more severe condition than mere narrowing. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in medical contexts, particularly in diagnosing and treating various conditions.