What effect does a diet high in cholesterol have on atherosclerosis?

A diet high in cholesterol is known to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaques in the arterial walls. When there is excessive cholesterol in the bloodstream, it can lead to the formation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which can accumulate in the arteries and cause inflammation and oxidative stress. This process contributes to the hardening and narrowing of the arteries, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.

Research shows that high levels of dietary cholesterol can accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis. This not only exacerbates plaque buildup but also impairs the ability of blood vessels to function properly. Over time, the narrowing of the arteries due to increased plaque can lead to reduced blood flow to vital organs, making the condition worse.

In contrast, the other options suggest outcomes that do not align with established medical understanding. For instance, stating that a high cholesterol diet has no effect overlooks the significant body of research that links cholesterol intake with cardiovascular health. The idea that it decreases plaque buildup or prevents heart disease is also inconsistent with the overwhelming evidence that demonstrates the opposite effect. Therefore, it is accurate to assert that a high-cholesterol diet indeed worsens atherosclerosis.