What is an oophorectomy?

An oophorectomy refers specifically to the surgical removal of one or both ovaries. This procedure is often performed to treat conditions such as ovarian cysts, tumors, or cancers, as well as other reproductive health issues. Removing the ovaries has significant implications, including the reduction of hormone production, which can lead to menopause if both ovaries are removed. The term itself is derived from "oo" (egg) and "phorectomy" (removal), clearly indicating its focus on the ovaries.

In contrast, the other choices refer to different surgical procedures unrelated to the ovaries. The removal of the gallbladder pertains to cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the appendix is termed appendectomy, and the repair of the colon is known as a colectomy. Each of these terms specifically describes procedures associated with different organs and conditions, making them distinct from oophorectomy. Understanding the definitions and contexts of these surgical terms helps clarify the unique scope of each procedure in medical terminology.