What is the main consequence of a myocardial infarction (MI)?

The primary consequence of a myocardial infarction (MI) is the death of heart muscle, which occurs due to prolonged lack of blood supply to that area. When a coronary artery becomes blocked, typically by a blood clot, the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen and nutrients, leading to ischemia. If the blockage is not quickly resolved, the affected muscle cells begin to die, an event known as necrosis. This loss of heart tissue impairs the heart's ability to pump effectively, resulting in diminished cardiac output and potential complications like heart failure or arrhythmias.

While increased heart rate, fluid accumulation in the lungs, and abnormal heart rhythms can be associated with an MI, they are not direct consequences but rather effects or symptoms that arise from the damage to the heart muscle. Understanding this central aspect of myocardial infarction underscores the importance of quick medical intervention to restore blood flow and minimize heart damage.