Which condition is characterized by swollen veins in the lower rectum?

Hemorrhoids are characterized by swollen veins in the lower rectum. This condition occurs when the veins in the rectal area become engorged due to increased pressure, which can result from factors such as straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, obesity, or pregnancy. The swelling can lead to discomfort, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements.

Other options like ascites, cirrhosis, and diverticulitis refer to different medical conditions. Ascites involves fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and is often a consequence of liver disease, such as cirrhosis, which itself refers to scarring of the liver tissue. Diverticulitis is an inflammation or infection of small pouches that can form in the lining of the intestines, typically causing pain and gastrointestinal disturbances but it does not involve the swelling of veins in the rectum specifically.