Which term describes painful urination?

The term that specifically describes painful urination is dysuria. This condition is often characterized by a burning sensation or discomfort during urination and can be associated with a variety of urinary tract conditions, such as infections, inflammation, or irritation of the bladder or urethra. Understanding dysuria is essential in clinical practice as it helps in diagnosing underlying conditions and determining appropriate treatments.

Edema refers to an accumulation of fluid in the tissues, which is unrelated to urination. Effusion is the escape of fluid into a body cavity, such as a joint or pleural space, and is also not related to the urinary system. Emesis is the medical term for vomiting, which pertains to the gastrointestinal system rather than any aspect of urination. Thus, dysuria is the only term that accurately describes the symptom of painful urination.